책소개

죄르지 루카치가 1919년부터 1922년까지 헝가리 공산당에서 활동하면서 혁명 운동의 이론적 문제들에 관해 틈틈이 쓴 논문들을 모은 책이다. 이론적으로는 제2인터내셔널의 수정주의를 거부하고 마르크스주의를 1917년 러시아 혁명 이후의 혁명적 상황과 일치시켜 정통 마르크스주의를 옹호하려는 노력의 소산이었다.

저자소개

목차

1967년 서문 ···················xi 
 1922년 서문 ··················lxxv 


제1장 정통 마르크스주의란 무엇인가 ········1 
 1. 이론과 실천: 변증법적 방법의 의미 ······4 
 2. 사실과 총체성: 자연과학과 변증법 ······12 
 3. 변증법적 방법과 속류 마르크스주의의 방법 ··23 
 4. 현실의 문제: 헤겔과 마르크스 ········36 
 5. 의식과 존재: 사적 유물론과 프롤레타리아트 ··43 

제2장 마르크스주의자로서 로자 룩셈부르크 ····55 
 1. 마르크스주의에서의 총체성 ·········56 
 2. 마르크스주의의 속류화 ···········61 
 3. ≪자본의 축적≫의 문제사적 서술 ······69 
 4. 룩셈부르크의 당과 혁명 ···········80 

제3장 계급의식 ·················95 
 1. 계급의식이란 무엇인가 ···········98 
 2. 전자본주의 사회와 자본주의 사회에서의 계급의식 ····················115 
 3. 부르주아지와 소부르주아지의 계급의식 ···124 
 4. 속류 마르크스주의자의 계급의식 ······144 
 5. 프롤레타리아트의 계급의식: 경제투쟁과 정치투쟁 ··················150 

제4장 사물화와 프롤레타리아트의 의식 ······175 
제1절 사물화 현상 ················178 
 1. 상품 구조와 사물화 ············178 
 2. 사물화와 합리화 ··············196 
 3. 사물화와 과학 ···············217 
제2절 부르주아 사유의 이율배반 ·········232 
 1. 인식 원리의 이율배반 ···········233 
 2. 실천 원리의 이율배반 ···········257 
 3. 예술 원리의 이율배반 ···········284 
 4. 모순의 변증법적 극복: 역사적 생성의 입장 ··299 
제3절 프롤레타리아트의 입장 ···········317 
 1. 직접성과 매개의 변증법 ··········318 
 2. 질과 양 ··················337 
 3. 고정성과 과정성 ··············364 
 4. 경험적 사실과 발전적 경향 ·········381 
 5. 상대주의와 역사변증법 ···········389 
 6. 이론의 실천으로의 전화 ··········414 

제5장 역사적 유물론의 기능 변화 ········439 

제6장 합법성과 비합법성 ············501 
 1. 혁명 과정에서 이데올로기 문제 ·······504 
 2. 법률과 전술 ················513 
 3. 프롤레타리아 독재기의 합법성 문제 ·····522 

제7장 로자 룩셈부르크의 ≪러시아혁명 비판≫에 대한 비판적 고찰 ··················533 
 1. 프롤레타리아 혁명의 성격: 농업 문제와 관련하여 ······················539 
 2. 프롤레타리아 혁명의 성격: 민족 문제와 관련하여 ······················546 
 3. 역사 발전의 유기적 성격과 폭력적 성격 ···551 
 4. 프롤레타리아 혁명에서 국가의 역할 ·····560 
 5. 당 조직의 문제: 기회주의와의 투쟁 문제 ···567 
 6. 조직 문제의 전술적·정치적 결과 ······577 
 7. 프롤레타리아 독재기의 자유 문제 ······584 

제8장 조직 문제의 방법론 ············593 
 1. 조직 문제의 의의 ·············595 
 2. 자연발생성과 의식성: 필연성과 자유 ·····611 
 3. 당과 당원의 관계: 규율의 의의 ·······637 
 4. 당과 계급의 관계 ·············649 
 5. 전술과 조직 ···············667 

해설 ······················685 
지은이에 대해 ··················719 
옮긴이에 대해 ··················723